Grading supracondylar fracture8/17/2023 ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() anterior fat pad sign (sail sign): the anterior fat pad is elevated by a joint effusion and appears as a lucent triangle on the lateral projection.In such cases assessing for indirect signs is essential: Often, however, no fracture line can be identified. Lateral and AP radiographs are usually sufficient, and in many instances demonstrate an obvious fracture. type II: displaced with intact posterior cortex.Radiographic featuresĬlassification of supracondylar fractures is relatively straightforward and based on three types 6,7: They result in an extra-articular fracture line, and (when displaced) posterior displacement of the distal component. The humerus fractures anteriorly initially and then posteriorly. When this occurs, the olecranon acts as a fulcrum after engaging in the olecranon fossa. There are two types of supracondylar fractures: extension (95-98%) and flexion (<5%) types.Įxtension type supracondylar fractures typically occur as a result of a fall on a hyper-extended elbow. They occur in older individuals and require different management and are discussed separately: see flexion supracondylar fracture 5. Rarely (<5%) supracondylar fractures are seen due to a fall onto the flexed elbow. These injuries are almost always due to accidental trauma, such as falling from a moderate height (bed/monkey-bars) 4. These fractures are more commonly seen in boys 4 and are the most common elbow fractures in children (55-80%) 8. Simple supracondylar fractures are typically seen in younger children, and are uncommon in adults 90% are seen in children younger than 10 years of age, with a peak age of 5-7 years 4,6. ![]()
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